International Journal of Education and Management Studies

Preety Sihan ¹, Ashok Kumar ¹, Satyakaam Malik ², Rajesh Kumar ¹, Anil Kumar ³, K.K. Yadav ¹, Jasvinder Kaur ²

Affiliations
1 Directorate of Extension Education, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 EEI Nelokheri, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Nelokheri, Haryana, IN
3 KVK Yamunanagar, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Nelokheri, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) serves as the primary staple food for over half of the world's population and is believed to be the first cultivated crop globally. In Asia, 90-95 per cent of the world's total rice production occurs. Burning crop residues not only results in economic loss but also causes environmental pollution, poses hazards to human health, produces greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming, and leads to the loss of plant nutrients such as N, P, K, and S. Agricultural byproducts, such as crop residues, can be repurposed for a multitude of applications, such as bioenergy, biofuel, briquetting, pelleting, composting, and various industrial uses. In order to maintain sustainable soil health over extended periods of time, it is recommended that a significant proportion of crop residues be conserved either by leaving them on the soil surface or by integrating them into the soil. Therefore, proficient residue management is a critical component of the practise of conservation agriculture. Personality traits are known to influence farmers' knowledge levels; thus, this study examined the relationship between selected independent variables and farmers' knowledge and adoption levels concerning paddy straw management techniques in Haryana. The results showed that among the 11 selected independent variables, education, socio-economic status, mass media exposure, and extension contact were positively and significantly correlated with farmers' knowledge and adoption levels at a 0.01 level of probability. In contrast, landholding, farm implements, and irrigation facilities were positively but non-significantly correlated with farmers' knowledge and adoption levels concerning paddy straw management techniques. Regression analysis revealed that the selected independent variables collectively accounted for 67.33 per cent and 56.89 per cent of the variation in farmers' knowledge and adoption levels, respectively.

Keywords

paddy, residue, knowledge, adoption, correlation, regration

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Virender Singh ¹, Ashok Kumar ¹, Satyakaam Malik ², Rajesh Kumar ¹, Anil Kumar ³, K.K. Yadav ¹, Jasvinder Kaur ²

Affiliations
1 Directorate of Extension Education, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 EEI Nelokheri, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Nelokheri, Haryana, IN
3 KVK Yamunanagar, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Yamunanagar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Post-harvest management is crucial for maintaining the quality and quantity of agricultural commodities after harvest. This study focuses on mango farmers in Yamunanagar district, Haryana, to improve their efficiency and scientific approach to post-harvest management practices. The study examined the relationship between selected independent variables and farmers' knowledge and adoption levels of post-harvest management practices. Results showed that education, mass media exposure, and extension contact positively correlated with farmers' knowledge and adoption levels at a 0.01 level of probability. Caste, family size, annual income, landholding, farm implements, and irrigation facilities were positively but non-significantly correlated with farmers' knowledge and adoption levels. Regression analysis revealed that the selected independent variables collectively accounted for 63.33% and 52.47% of the variation in farmers' knowledge and adoption levels, respectively.

Keywords

mango, technology, harvesting, adoption, economic, correlation, regression

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Satyakaam Malik ¹, Jasvinder Kaur ², Kailash Saini ³, Ashok Kumar ⁴, K.K. Yadav ⁴, Atul Dhingra ¹, Abhilash ⁵, Rekha Malik ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Business Management, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 Extension Education Institute, Nilokheri, Karnal, Haryana, IN
3 ICAR Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Agrasain Marg, Karnal, Haryana, IN
4 Directorate of Extension Education, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
5 ICAR Central Island, Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, IN

Abstract

This research paper presents a comprehensive analysis of various aspects related to training programs in agricultural extension services. The findings reveal important insights. Firstly, the majority of trainers (83.33%) serve as resource persons, while a smaller percentage (16.67%) function as organizers, indicating the distribution of roles and responsibilities among trainers. Secondly, the data on the number of training programs conducted by trainers highlights the varying levels of experience, with a range of program frequencies reported: less than five programs (10%), five to ten programs (40%), eleven to twenty programs (30%), and more than twenty programs (20%). These results provide valuable information for evaluating trainers' expertise and capability in delivering agricultural extension training programs. Thirdly, the background analysis of participants attending the training programs indicates that a significant majority (76.67%) come from state agricultural universities or agriculture departments, while a smaller percentage have backgrounds in non-agricultural departments (13.33%) or other categories (10%). These findings contribute to understanding the target audience and tailoring training content to meet their specific needs. Additionally, the effectiveness of utilizing state departments (90%) as a means of inviting trainees is highlighted, along with a smaller proportion being invited through general circulation letters (10%), suggesting potential avenues for improving participant reach and diversity. Furthermore, the perceptions of trainers regarding H.R training as a tool for improving work performance reveal that a majority view it as a means to enhance employee efficiency (36.67%) or to change attitude, knowledge, and skills (26.67%). A smaller proportion believes it will improve agricultural production (16.67%), while 20% consider it primarily for improving technical skills. Lastly, the impact of H.R training on trainers' behaviour is explored, with 40% reporting being "too much affected," 43.33% indicating that the effect is evident, and 16.67% stating that it may affect their behavior. These findings emphasize the significance of understanding how delivering H.R training can shape trainers' behaviour. Overall, the research provides valuable insights into trainer roles, program frequency, participant backgrounds, invitation approaches, perceptions of H.R training, and its impact on trainers' behaviour in agricultural extension services, enabling informed decision-making, improved program effectiveness, and enhanced training experiences.

Keywords

agriculture, extension, impact, training, trainers.

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Satyakaam Malik ¹, Jasvinder Kaur ², Abhilash ³, Atul Dhingra ¹, Rekha Malik ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Business Management, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 Extension Education Institute, Nilokheri, Karnal, Haryana, IN
3 ICAR–Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, IN
4 ICAR–Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Agrasain Marg, Karnal, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Improving the quality of agricultural and rural development training requires proper preparation of trainers. However, the progress of extension trainer training in India has been slow and lacking. The ever-evolving technological landscape renders existing competencies obsolete, necessitating the acquisition of new skills. Effective training should go beyond subject matter expertise and cater to the needs of adult learners. Moreover, the globalization and WTO regime have caused a shift in Indian agriculture, focusing more on market-oriented knowledge and technology rather than production-oriented techniques. This emphasizes the urgency of implementing a systematic approach to strengthen trainer training efforts. Therefore, this study aims to assess the training needs of the trainees who participated in the program conducted by the Extension Education Institute, Nilokheri, Karnal, Haryana.

Keywords

agriculture, demography, impact, training, trainers

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Satyakaam Malik ¹, Jasvinder Kaur ², Abhilash ³, Atul Dhingra ¹, Rekha Malik ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Business Management, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 Extension Education Institute, Nilokheri, Karnal, Haryana, IN
3 ICAR–Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, IN
4 ICAR–Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Agrasain Marg, Karnal, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Enhancing the quality of agricultural and rural development training necessitates the appropriate preparation of trainers. However, the advancement of extension trainer training in India has been gradual and sluggish. Given the dynamic technological landscape, existing competencies become outdated, necessitating the acquisition of new skills. Effective training must extend beyond subject matter expertise to effectively educate adult learners. Furthermore, the globalization and WTO regime have prompted a shift in Indian agriculture from productionoriented technology to market-oriented knowledge and technology. This emphasizes the urgency of implementing a systematic approach to strengthen efforts in trainer training. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the content and tools employed in the Training Program for Agricultural Extension Services provided by the Extension Education Institute in Nilokheri, Karnal, Haryana.

Keywords

agriculture, demography, impact, training, trainers.

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